formula for statistical significance

[hoxesi8100@]

Running the Chi-Squared test
Once I’ve organized my data into a chart, the next step is to calculate statistical significance using the Chi-Squared formula.

Here’s what the formula looks like:


In this formula:

Σ means to sum (add up) all calculated values.
O represents the observed (actual) values from your test.
E represents the expected values, which you calculate based on the totals in your chart.
To use the formula:

Subtract the expected value (E) from the observed value (O) for each cell in the chart.
Square the result.
Divide the squared difference by the croatia phone number material expected value (E).
Repeat these steps for all cells, then sum up all the results after the Σ to get your Chi-Squared value.
This calculation tells you whether the differences between your groups are statistically significant or likely due to chance.

5. Calculate your expected values.
Now, it’s time to calculate the expected values (E) for each outcome in your test. If there’s no relationship between the subject line and whether an email is opened, we’d expect the open rates to be proportionate across both variations (A and B).

Let’s assume: